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American National Security Policy

Authorities, Institutions, and Cases

John T. Fishel

Security policy is a key factor not only of domestic politics in the U.S., but also of foreign relations and global security. This text sets to explain the process of security policy making in the United States by looking at all the elements that shape it, from institutions and legislation to policymakers themselves and historical precedents.

To understand national security policy, the book first needs to address the way national security policy makers see the world. It shows that they generally see it in realist terms where the state is a single rational actor pursuing its national interest. It then focuses on how legislative authorities enable and constrain these policy makers before looking at the organizational context in which policies are made and implemented. This means examining the legal authorities that govern how the system functions, such as the Constitution and the National Security Act of 1947, as well as the various governmental institutions whose capabilities either limit or allow execution, such as the CIA, NSA, etc. Next, the text analyzes the processes and products of national security policy making, such as reports, showing how they differ from administration to administration. Lastly, a series of case studies illustrate the challenges of implementing and developing policy. These span the post-Cold war period to the present, and include the Panama crisis, Somalia, the Balkans Haiti, the Iraq wars, and Afghanistan. By combining both the theory and process, this textbook reveals all aspects of the making of national security policy in United States from agenda setting to the successes and failures of implementation.

Rowman & Littlefield Publishers

Pages: 240 • Trim: 6¼ x 9¼

978-1-4422-4837-3 • Hardback • February 2017 • $116.00 • (£89.00)

978-1-4422-4838-0 • Paperback • February 2017 • $50.00 • (£38.00)

978-1-4422-4839-7 • eBook • February 2017 • $47.50 • (£37.00)

Subjects: Political Science / Security (National & International), Political Science / American Government / National, Political Science / Terrorism, Political Science / Public Policy / General

American National Security Policy

Authorities, Institutions, and Cases

Hardback

Paperback

eBook

Summary

Security policy is a key factor not only of domestic politics in the U.S., but also of foreign relations and global security. This text sets to explain the process of security policy making in the United States by looking at all the elements that shape it, from institutions and legislation to policymakers themselves and historical precedents.

To understand national security policy, the book first needs to address the way national security policy makers see the world. It shows that they generally see it in realist terms where the state is a single rational actor pursuing its national interest. It then focuses on how legislative authorities enable and constrain these policy makers before looking at the organizational context in which policies are made and implemented. This means examining the legal authorities that govern how the system functions, such as the Constitution and the National Security Act of 1947, as well as the various governmental institutions whose capabilities either limit or allow execution, such as the CIA, NSA, etc. Next, the text analyzes the processes and products of national security policy making, such as reports, showing how they differ from administration to administration. Lastly, a series of case studies illustrate the challenges of implementing and developing policy. These span the post-Cold war period to the present, and include the Panama crisis, Somalia, the Balkans Haiti, the Iraq wars, and Afghanistan. By combining both the theory and process, this textbook reveals all aspects of the making of national security policy in United States from agenda setting to the successes and failures of implementation.

Details

Rowman & Littlefield Publishers

Pages: 240 • Trim: 6¼ x 9¼

978-1-4422-4837-3 • Hardback • February 2017 • $116.00 • (£89.00)

978-1-4422-4838-0 • Paperback • February 2017 • $50.00 • (£38.00)

978-1-4422-4839-7 • eBook • February 2017 • $47.50 • (£37.00)

Subjects: Political Science / Security (National & International), Political Science / American Government / National, Political Science / Terrorism, Political Science / Public Policy / General

Author

LTC USA (Ret.) John T. Fishel, Lecturer in the College of International Studies at the University of Oklahoma, is Professor Emeritus from the National Defense University. He served 28 years as an intelligence officer in the U.S. Army both active and reserve and was chief of the Policy and Strategy Division of the Policy, Strategy & Programs Directorate of the U.S. Southern Command, Chief of Research and Assessments of the Small Wars Operations Research Directorate (SWORD), and Deputy Chief of the US Forces Liaison Group.

Table of Contents

Forward by Ambassador Edwin G. Corr
Acknowledgements
Preface
Part I: A Touch of Theory
Chapter 1. A Practitioners Guide to Realism
Part II: The Practitioners’ Textbook
Chapter 2. Legal Authorities
Chapter 3. National Security Organizations
Chapter 4. The National Security Council Process
Chapter 5. Defense Planning Systems
Part III: The Cases
Chapter 6. Panama: National Security Policy from Below
Chapter 7. “I Love it When a Plan Comes Together”
Chapter 8. Adventures in Peace Enforcement: The Somalia Tragedy
Chapter 9. The “Intervasion” of Haiti
Chapter 10. “Some Damned Foolish Thing in the Balkans”
Chapter 11. 9/11 and the Invasion of Afghanistan
Chapter 12. Iraq: Snatching Defeat From the Jaws of Victory and Victory From the Jaws of Defeat
Chapter 13. The Afghanistan Surge: Obama’s Finest Hour?
Part IV: Some Conclusions
Chapter 14. How National Security Policy Is Really Made: Lessons From the Cases
Bibliography

Reviews

American National Security Policy should be read by anyone wanting to be a United States national security professional, by anyone who wants to understand how United States national security policy is formulated, and especially by public policy faculty charged with teaching future national security practitioners. These faculty should use this book in their classes. Superbly organized and clearly written, American National Security Policy is a practitioners’ guide to the subject. It explains succinctly how ideas shape policy makers’ world views and then proceeds to describe clearly each of the elements of the United States national security policy-making process. It also contains a varied and fascinating set of cases, in some of which the author was a direct participant, to illustrate points in a manner useful for future practitioners. Readers seeking fiction or fantasy about United States national security policy should avoid this book. Those compelled by facts should give it their full attention.
— Louis W. Goodman, Emeritus Dean of the School of International Service at American University

John Fishel provides a compelling insider's perspective on some of the most important political crises the United States has faced over the past thirty years, including conflicts in Iraq, Afghanistan, Somalia, Yugoslavia, and Panama. As he adeptly demonstrates, the details matter, and lives are lost or saved depending on a complex interaction of policies, ideological agendas, professional relationships, and decisions made by individuals at all levels of the chain of command. Fishel's work has shaped my thinking about national security strategies for a long time, and it will continue to do so for many years to come.
— Adam Lankford, Criminology Professor, The University of Alabama

This is a realistic book about U.S. security policy and a superb starting point for a course on security policy for leaders or students in any country that deals with America—and that’s most of the world. Fishel’s case studies are redolent with the lessons of the generations who have passed through his classrooms. Security policy making is a living art, and the practice has changed with each of the operations described. This is a readable, teachable, text. We can only hope that somewhere in Moscow and Beijing there are Russian and Chinese counterparts working to explain the reality of those powers’ national security policy making. I think that would help to make the world a safer place.
— David Last, Royal Military College of Canada

American National Security Policy

Authorities, Institutions, and Cases

John T. Fishel

American National Security Policy

Authorities, Institutions, and Cases

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